The number of deaths related to tuberculosis continues to rise each year. This might be because of the reemergence of the disease related to immunosuppressive illnesses, such as HIV. Or it may be related to the paucity of new tools which doctors have in order to combat the disease. It was 1891 since the last effective diagnostic tool for latent tuberculosis was developed. It was 1921 since the last vaccine for tuberculosis and 1967 since the last new first-line drug class for treatment of tuberculosis was developed.
The expanding epidemic of HIV and AIDS, as well as the overcrowding of cities, poor nutrition and hygiene and emergence of multi-drugs resistant bacteria, all contrive to increase the number of deaths from the disease that has been documented since 2400 B.C.
Doctors and scientists all over the world are conducting research into the bacteria which causes tuberculosis, mycobacteria tuberculosis. Research studies are being designed to answer important questions about both diagnosis and treatment and to find new approaches which are both safe and effective.
